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çağrıldığında TypeError fırlatır",{"key":184,"text":185},"d","Sorunsuz çalışır; result 7 tamsayısı olur","Tip ipuçları mypy gibi araçlar için salt danışma amaçlı metadata'dır; yorumlayıcı bunları çalışma zamanında hiç kontrol etmez. `\"3\" + \"4\"` düz string birleştirmesidir, dolayısıyla `result` \"34\" olur.",{"id":188,"topic":9,"difficulty":171,"body":189,"options":190,"correct_key":178,"explanation":199},"019f6c9d-376b-767c-9928-758d9249d035","`typing` modülünün semantiğine göre bir değişkendeki `Optional[int]` annotation'ı ne anlama gelir?",[191,193,195,197],{"key":175,"text":192},"Değer her zaman int olmalıdır ve mypy bunu çalışma zamanında zorlar",{"key":178,"text":194},"Değer ya int'tir ya da None'dır, Union[int, None] için kısayoldur",{"key":181,"text":196},"Değişkeni fonksiyon imzasında bildirmek başlı başına isteğe bağlıdır",{"key":184,"text":198},"Değer yalnızca bir sınıf attribute'u olarak kullanılabilen generic bir tiptir","`Optional[X]`, typing modülü tarafından `Union[X, None]` için bir takma ad olarak tanımlanır — değer X olabilir ya da None olabilir, başka bir anlamı yoktur.",{"id":201,"topic":9,"difficulty":171,"body":202,"options":203,"correct_key":181,"explanation":212},"019f6c9d-376b-7d01-9150-a10ffa8f1384","```python\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass\nclass Point:\n    x: int\n    y: int\n\np1 = Point(1, 2)\np2 = Point(1, 2)\nprint(p1 == p2)\nprint(p1)\n```\nEkrana ne basılır?",[204,206,208,210],{"key":175,"text":205},"Önce False, sonra \u003C__main__.Point object at 0x...>",{"key":178,"text":207},"Önce True, sonra alanları gizleyen bir Point nesnesi",{"key":181,"text":209},"Önce True, sonra Point(x=1, y=2)",{"key":184,"text":211},"Önce False, sonra Point(x=1, y=2)","`@dataclass`, `__init__`i, alan alan karşılaştıran bir `__eq__`i ve okunaklı bir `__repr__`i otomatik üretir. p1 ve p2'nin alanları eşit olduğu için `==` True olur, p1'in yazdırılması da `Point(x=1, y=2)` gösterir.",{"id":214,"topic":9,"difficulty":171,"body":215,"options":216,"correct_key":184,"explanation":225},"019f6c9d-376c-732d-a7b5-b5c9ed170ad5","```python\nclass Circle:\n    def __init__(self, radius):\n        self._radius = radius\n\n    @property\n    def area(self):\n        return 3.14159 * self._radius ** 2\n\nc = Circle(2)\nprint(c.area)\n```\nEkrana ne basılır ve `area`'ya nasıl erişilir?",[217,219,221,223],{"key":175,"text":218},"TypeError verir, çünkü area c.area() olarak çağrılmalıdır",{"key":178,"text":220},"3.14159, __init__'te atanmış düz bir attribute gibi",{"key":181,"text":222},"AttributeError verir, çünkü area hiç ayarlanmamıştır",{"key":184,"text":224},"12.56636, @property sayesinde her erişimde yeniden hesaplanır","`@property`, bir metodu parantez olmadan bir attribute gibi erişilen bir şeye dönüştürür. `c.area`'ya her erişimde `3.14159 * 2 ** 2 = 12.56636` yeniden hesaplanır.",{"id":227,"topic":9,"difficulty":171,"body":228,"options":229,"correct_key":178,"explanation":238},"019f6c9d-376c-78fd-9afb-ad38c6685d9c","Bir Python sınıfında, doğrudan sınıf gövdesinde tanımlanan bir sınıf değişkeni ile __init__ içinde self ile atanan bir instance değişkeni arasındaki temel fark nedir?",[230,232,234,236],{"key":175,"text":231},"Sınıf değişkenleri yalnızca tamsayı tutabilir, instance değişkenleri tutamaz",{"key":178,"text":233},"Bir sınıf değişkeni, bir instance onu gölgelemedikçe tüm instance'lar arasında paylaşılır",{"key":181,"text":235},"Instance değişkenleri import zamanında, sınıf değişkenleri çağrı zamanında çalışır",{"key":184,"text":237},"Python'da ikisi arasında gerçek bir fark yoktur","Bir sınıf değişkeni sınıf nesnesinin kendisinde yaşar ve onu gölgelemeyen her instance tarafından aynı şekilde bulunur; bir instance değişkeni ise instance başına saklanır ve asla paylaşılmaz.",{"id":240,"topic":9,"difficulty":171,"body":241,"options":242,"correct_key":181,"explanation":251},"019f6c9d-376d-7362-ac64-78b7cfd13bc2","```python\ndef add_item(item, basket=[]):\n    basket.append(item)\n    return basket\n\nprint(add_item(\"apple\"))\nprint(add_item(\"banana\"))\n```\nİkinci çağrıda ne basılır?",[243,245,247,249],{"key":175,"text":244},"[\"banana\"], her çağrıda taze ve boş bir liste",{"key":178,"text":246},"TypeError verir, çünkü default argümanlar mutable olamaz",{"key":181,"text":248},"[\"apple\", \"banana\"], varsayılan liste yeniden kullanılır",{"key":184,"text":250},"[\"banana\", \"apple\"], çağrılar ters sırada çalışır","Default argüman değerleri fonksiyon tanımlandığında yalnızca bir kez değerlendirilir ve basket'i atlayan her çağrıda aynı liste nesnesi yeniden kullanılır — bu yüzden öğeler çağrılar arasında birikir.",{"fields":253,"seniorities":424,"interview_shapes":425,"locales":430,"oauth":432,"question_count":435,"coach_enabled":436,"jd_match_enabled":436},[254,265,286,303,327,340,359,378,398,405,411,418],{"key":5,"name_tr":6,"name_en":6,"sort":171,"specializations":255},[256,259,260,261,262,263,264],{"key":257,"name":258,"field":5},"general","Genel",{"key":154,"name":155,"field":5},{"key":166,"name":167,"field":5},{"key":157,"name":158,"field":5},{"key":150,"name":151,"field":5},{"key":160,"name":161,"field":5},{"key":163,"name":164,"field":5},{"key":266,"name_tr":267,"name_en":267,"sort":268,"specializations":269},"frontend","Frontend",2,[270,271,274,277,280,283],{"key":257,"name":258,"field":266},{"key":272,"name":273,"field":266},"javascript","JavaScript",{"key":275,"name":276,"field":266},"typescript","TypeScript",{"key":278,"name":279,"field":266},"react","React",{"key":281,"name":282,"field":266},"vue","Vue",{"key":284,"name":285,"field":266},"angular","Angular",{"key":287,"name_tr":288,"name_en":288,"sort":289,"specializations":290},"fullstack","Fullstack",3,[291,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,299,300,301,302],{"key":257,"name":258,"field":287},{"key":154,"name":155,"field":5},{"key":166,"name":167,"field":5},{"key":157,"name":158,"field":5},{"key":150,"name":151,"field":5},{"key":160,"name":161,"field":5},{"key":163,"name":164,"field":5},{"key":272,"name":273,"field":266},{"key":275,"name":276,"field":266},{"key":278,"name":279,"field":266},{"key":281,"name":282,"field":266},{"key":284,"name":285,"field":266},{"key":304,"name_tr":305,"name_en":305,"sort":306,"specializations":307},"devops-cloud","DevOps 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