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Native",[127,145,158,171,185,198],{"id":128,"topic":9,"difficulty":129,"body":130,"options":131,"correct_key":142,"explanation":144},"019f956d-6e2b-71d6-a3a3-f85616fb121f",1,"In SwiftUI, what does marking a view's property with `@State` actually do?",[132,135,138,141],{"key":133,"text":134},"a","It makes the property accessible from any other view in the app.",{"key":136,"text":137},"b","It stores the value permanently on disk between app launches.",{"key":139,"text":140},"c","It marks the property as constant so it can never change after init.",{"key":142,"text":143},"d","It tells SwiftUI to own the value and re-render the view on change.","`@State` is a property wrapper that gives SwiftUI ownership of a value type's storage outside the view struct's own lifetime, so the value survives repeated `body` calls, and mutating it triggers a re-render.",{"id":146,"topic":9,"difficulty":129,"body":147,"options":148,"correct_key":139,"explanation":157},"019f956d-6e2b-7a67-8acd-456f1b1d3ff7","What is the primary purpose of `@Binding` in SwiftUI?",[149,151,153,155],{"key":133,"text":150},"To create a brand-new independent copy of a value inside a child view.",{"key":136,"text":152},"To permanently cache a network response for offline use.",{"key":139,"text":154},"To give a child view read-write access to a parent-owned value.",{"key":142,"text":156},"To declare a global singleton shared across the whole app.","`@Binding` does not own storage; it is a reference back to state owned elsewhere, letting a child view read and write that value while the parent (or the original owner) stays the source of truth.",{"id":159,"topic":9,"difficulty":129,"body":160,"options":161,"correct_key":142,"explanation":170},"019f956d-6e2c-725d-8eb5-185ecb8803d0","A parent view owns `@State private var isOn: Bool` and passes `$isOn` to a child `Toggle`. The user taps the toggle. What happens?",[162,164,166,168],{"key":133,"text":163},"Only the child view updates; the parent's stored value never changes.",{"key":136,"text":165},"Nothing updates until the app is manually relaunched.",{"key":139,"text":167},"The binding creates a separate copy, so parent and child now disagree on the value.",{"key":142,"text":169},"The child writes through the binding and mutates the parent's state.","The `$` prefix projects a `Binding` from the `@State` storage. Writing to that binding writes through to the parent's actual storage, so SwiftUI invalidates and re-renders any view whose body depends on that state, including the parent.",{"id":172,"topic":9,"difficulty":173,"body":174,"options":175,"correct_key":133,"explanation":184},"019f956d-6e2c-793b-962b-3de5825b3938",2,"Why does SwiftUI require `@State` properties to be private by convention?",[176,178,180,182],{"key":133,"text":177},"Because only that view should own and mutate the value.",{"key":136,"text":179},"Because private properties compile faster.",{"key":139,"text":181},"Because SwiftUI silently ignores non-private state.",{"key":142,"text":183},"Because Swift forbids non-private property wrappers entirely.","`@State` models local, view-owned storage. Marking it `private` is a convention (not a hard compiler rule) that reinforces the intent: outside code should interact through a passed `Binding`, not by reaching into the view's internal state directly.",{"id":186,"topic":9,"difficulty":173,"body":187,"options":188,"correct_key":136,"explanation":197},"019f956d-6e2d-7132-a5e7-bd5bb959ca4d","What is the key behavioral difference between `@ObservedObject` and `@StateObject` when applied to the same reference-type model in a view?",[189,191,193,195],{"key":133,"text":190},"`@ObservedObject` supports Combine publishers while `@StateObject` does not.",{"key":136,"text":192},"`@StateObject` ties the instance's creation and lifetime to the view.",{"key":139,"text":194},"They are fully interchangeable with no behavioral difference.",{"key":142,"text":196},"`@ObservedObject` only works with structs, never with classes.","`@StateObject` allocates and keeps the object alive for the lifetime of the view identity (created once). `@ObservedObject` does not manage the object's lifetime itself — if the parent view re-creates and passes a new instance on every body evaluation, the observed object can be unintentionally reset.",{"id":199,"topic":9,"difficulty":173,"body":200,"options":201,"correct_key":136,"explanation":210},"019f956d-6e2d-7970-aed4-b8231e3be5d0","A view declares `@ObservedObject var viewModel = ViewModel()` directly as a default value on the property. Every time the parent's body re-runs, a brand-new `ViewModel` instance is silently created. What is the correct fix?",[202,204,206,208],{"key":133,"text":203},"Wrap the ViewModel in an extra `@State var` around the class instance.",{"key":136,"text":205},"Change the wrapper to `@StateObject var viewModel = ViewModel()`.",{"key":139,"text":207},"Move the default value initialization into `onAppear` instead.",{"key":142,"text":209},"Mark the ViewModel class as `final` to fix the lifetime issue.","The bug is a classic `@ObservedObject`-with-default-value mistake: since `@ObservedObject` doesn't manage lifetime, a default init expression re-runs on every struct re-creation. `@StateObject` exists specifically to own that first-time creation and keep the same instance 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