[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"me":3,"catalog:en:devops-cloud\u002Flinux-filesystem-permissions-links":4,"config":256},null,{"field_key":5,"field_name":6,"seniority":7,"topic_key":8,"topic_name":9,"spec_key":7,"spec_name":7,"locale":10,"cell_total":11,"field_total":12,"seniorities":13,"topics":17,"specs":151,"samples":171},"devops-cloud","DevOps \u002F Cloud","","linux-filesystem-permissions-links","Linux Filesystem Permissions Links","en",75,3375,[14,15,16],"junior","mid","senior",[18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39,42,45,48,51,54,57,60,63,66,69,72,75,78,81,84,87,90,93,96,99,102,105,106,109,112,115,118,121,124,127,130,133,136,139,142,145,148],{"key":19,"name":20,"count":11},"aws-compute-ec2-lambda","Aws Compute Ec2 Lambda",{"key":22,"name":23,"count":11},"aws-databases-rds-dynamodb","Aws Databases Rds Dynamodb",{"key":25,"name":26,"count":11},"aws-iam-security","Aws Iam Security",{"key":28,"name":29,"count":11},"aws-messaging-eventing","Aws Messaging Eventing",{"key":31,"name":32,"count":11},"aws-networking-vpc","Aws Networking Vpc",{"key":34,"name":35,"count":11},"aws-storage-s3-ebs","Aws Storage S3 Ebs",{"key":37,"name":38,"count":11},"azure-compute-vm-appservice","Azure Compute Vm Appservice",{"key":40,"name":41,"count":11},"azure-databases-sql-cosmosdb","Azure Databases Sql Cosmosdb",{"key":43,"name":44,"count":11},"azure-iam-security","Azure Iam Security",{"key":46,"name":47,"count":11},"azure-messaging-eventing","Azure Messaging Eventing",{"key":49,"name":50,"count":11},"azure-networking-vnet","Azure Networking Vnet",{"key":52,"name":53,"count":11},"azure-storage-blob-managed-disk","Azure Storage Blob Managed Disk",{"key":55,"name":56,"count":11},"ci-cd-pipelines","Ci Cd Pipelines",{"key":58,"name":59,"count":11},"cloud-architecture-scaling","Cloud Architecture Scaling",{"key":61,"name":62,"count":11},"containers-orchestration","Containers Orchestration",{"key":64,"name":65,"count":11},"deployment-release-strategies","Deployment Release Strategies",{"key":67,"name":68,"count":11},"gcp-compute-gce-cloudrun","Gcp Compute Gce Cloudrun",{"key":70,"name":71,"count":11},"gcp-databases-cloudsql-spanner-firestore","Gcp Databases Cloudsql Spanner Firestore",{"key":73,"name":74,"count":11},"gcp-iam-security","Gcp Iam Security",{"key":76,"name":77,"count":11},"gcp-messaging-eventing","Gcp Messaging Eventing",{"key":79,"name":80,"count":11},"gcp-networking-vpc","Gcp Networking Vpc",{"key":82,"name":83,"count":11},"gcp-storage-gcs-persistent-disk","Gcp Storage Gcs Persistent Disk",{"key":85,"name":86,"count":11},"infrastructure-as-code","Infrastructure As Code",{"key":88,"name":89,"count":11},"k8s-config-secrets","K8s Config Secrets",{"key":91,"name":92,"count":11},"k8s-observability-troubleshooting","K8s Observability Troubleshooting",{"key":94,"name":95,"count":11},"k8s-scheduling-resources","K8s Scheduling Resources",{"key":97,"name":98,"count":11},"k8s-services-networking","K8s Services Networking",{"key":100,"name":101,"count":11},"k8s-storage","K8s Storage",{"key":103,"name":104,"count":11},"k8s-workloads","K8s Workloads",{"key":8,"name":9,"count":11},{"key":107,"name":108,"count":11},"linux-networking-tools-troubleshooting","Linux Networking Tools Troubleshooting",{"key":110,"name":111,"count":11},"linux-performance-monitoring-resource-limits","Linux Performance Monitoring Resource Limits",{"key":113,"name":114,"count":11},"linux-process-management-signals","Linux Process Management Signals",{"key":116,"name":117,"count":11},"linux-shell-scripting-ops-automation","Linux Shell Scripting Ops Automation",{"key":119,"name":120,"count":11},"linux-systemd-service-management","Linux Systemd Service Management",{"key":122,"name":123,"count":11},"networking-dns-loadbalancing","Networking Dns Loadbalancing",{"key":125,"name":126,"count":11},"observability-monitoring","Observability Monitoring",{"key":128,"name":129,"count":11},"reliability-incident-sre","Reliability Incident Sre",{"key":131,"name":132,"count":11},"security-iam-secrets","Security Iam Secrets",{"key":134,"name":135,"count":11},"terraform-hcl-language-expressions","Terraform Hcl Language Expressions",{"key":137,"name":138,"count":11},"terraform-modules-workspaces","Terraform Modules Workspaces",{"key":140,"name":141,"count":11},"terraform-plan-apply-drift-import","Terraform Plan Apply Drift Import",{"key":143,"name":144,"count":11},"terraform-providers-lifecycle-provisioners","Terraform Providers Lifecycle Provisioners",{"key":146,"name":147,"count":11},"terraform-state-backend-locking","Terraform State Backend Locking",{"key":149,"name":150,"count":11},"terraform-testing-policy-cicd","Terraform Testing Policy Cicd",[152,156,159,162,165,168],{"key":153,"name":154,"count":155},"aws","AWS",450,{"key":157,"name":158,"count":155},"azure","Azure",{"key":160,"name":161,"count":155},"gcp","GCP",{"key":163,"name":164,"count":155},"kubernetes","Kubernetes",{"key":166,"name":167,"count":155},"linux","Linux",{"key":169,"name":170,"count":155},"terraform","Terraform",[172,190,203,216,229,243],{"id":173,"topic":9,"difficulty":174,"body":175,"options":176,"correct_key":178,"explanation":189},"019f913c-223a-7c79-b871-6bc7a264595c",1,"In the `ls -l` permission string `-rwxr-xr--`, what does the `x` in the owner group of bits (`rwx`) mean for a regular file?",[177,180,183,186],{"key":178,"text":179},"a","The file's owner is allowed to execute the file",{"key":181,"text":182},"b","The file's owner is allowed to delete the file regardless of directory permissions",{"key":184,"text":185},"c","The file is a symbolic link",{"key":187,"text":188},"d","The file cannot be read by anyone","For a regular file, the execute bit (x) controls whether the file can be run as a program\u002Fscript by that permission class. Deleting a file is actually controlled by the containing directory's write bit, not the file's own permission bits.",{"id":191,"topic":9,"difficulty":174,"body":192,"options":193,"correct_key":181,"explanation":202},"019f913c-2269-72b9-8c76-6211759f42eb","What octal permission value corresponds to `rwxr-xr-x`?",[194,196,198,200],{"key":178,"text":195},"744",{"key":181,"text":197},"755",{"key":184,"text":199},"700",{"key":187,"text":201},"777","Each permission triplet maps to a digit: r=4, w=2, x=1, summed per class. Owner `rwx`=7, group `r-x`=5, other `r-x`=5, giving 755.",{"id":204,"topic":9,"difficulty":174,"body":205,"options":206,"correct_key":184,"explanation":215},"019f913c-226b-791f-9e30-b4836d3b5a2d","What does the following command do?\n```\nchmod u+x deploy.sh\n```",[207,209,211,213],{"key":178,"text":208},"Removes execute permission from everyone except the owner",{"key":181,"text":210},"Grants execute permission to the group and others, but not the owner. This is a plausible-sounding but ultimately incorrect mental model.",{"key":184,"text":212},"Adds execute permission for the file's owner, leaving group\u002Fother bits unchanged",{"key":187,"text":214},"Makes the file executable by root only, ignoring the owner","The symbolic form `u+x` adds (`+`) the execute bit (`x`) for the user\u002Fowner class (`u`) only, without touching group or other permission bits — unlike an octal `chmod` which rewrites all bits at once.",{"id":217,"topic":9,"difficulty":174,"body":218,"options":219,"correct_key":187,"explanation":228},"019f913c-226d-73f1-bec7-df212ee9bbff","What does read permission on a directory (as opposed to a regular file) allow?",[220,222,224,226],{"key":178,"text":221},"Executing any file inside that directory regardless of the file's own permissions",{"key":181,"text":223},"Creating new files inside that directory",{"key":184,"text":225},"Deleting files inside that directory",{"key":187,"text":227},"Listing the names of the entries (files\u002Fsubdirectories) stored in that directory","On a directory, the read bit controls whether tools like `ls` can list the names of the entries it contains. It does not, by itself, let you read file contents, create\u002Fdelete entries (that needs write), or traverse into the directory (that needs execute).",{"id":230,"topic":9,"difficulty":231,"body":232,"options":233,"correct_key":178,"explanation":242},"019f913c-226f-79f8-b352-792ea6ec9485",2,"Why does `cd somedir` fail with 'Permission denied' when `somedir` has permissions `rw-rw-rw-` for the user attempting it?",[234,236,238,240],{"key":178,"text":235},"Entering (traversing into) a directory requires the execute bit, which is missing here",{"key":181,"text":237},"The `cd` command always requires root privileges regardless of permissions",{"key":184,"text":239},"Read and write permissions on a directory are sufficient for `cd` in every case. This is a common misconception in practice.",{"key":187,"text":241},"The directory must have the setuid bit set before it can be entered","For directories, the execute bit — not read or write — is what allows a process to traverse into it (e.g. `cd`, or accessing a file by its full path). Without execute, the directory's own contents can't be reached even if read\u002Fwrite bits are set.",{"id":244,"topic":9,"difficulty":231,"body":245,"options":246,"correct_key":181,"explanation":255},"019f913c-2270-784f-9d6f-df3a8c687edb","A file `report.txt` has permissions `-r--r--r--` (owned by user `alice`), but the containing directory `shared\u002F` has permissions `drwxrwxrwx`. Can another user in the same group as alice delete `report.txt`?",[247,249,251,253],{"key":178,"text":248},"No, since the file itself is read-only, deletion is always blocked regardless of the directory. This misunderstanding often surfaces during incident reviews.",{"key":181,"text":250},"Yes, because deleting a file is controlled by write permission on the containing directory, not the file's own permission bits",{"key":184,"text":252},"No, only alice (the file's owner) can ever delete the file no matter what",{"key":187,"text":254},"Yes, but only if the user also has execute permission directly on report.txt","Deleting (unlinking) a file is a modification of the directory entry, so it's governed by write (and execute\u002Ftraversal) permission on the directory that contains the file — the file's own read-only permission bits don't prevent this.",{"fields":257,"seniorities":429,"interview_shapes":430,"locales":435,"oauth":437,"question_count":440,"coach_enabled":441,"jd_match_enabled":441},[258,283,303,320,330,343,362,381,403,410,416,423],{"key":259,"name_tr":260,"name_en":260,"sort":174,"specializations":261},"backend","Backend",[262,265,268,271,274,277,280],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":259},"general","Genel",{"key":266,"name":267,"field":259},"go","Go",{"key":269,"name":270,"field":259},"python","Python",{"key":272,"name":273,"field":259},"java","Java",{"key":275,"name":276,"field":259},"csharp","C#\u002F.NET",{"key":278,"name":279,"field":259},"nodejs","Node.js",{"key":281,"name":282,"field":259},"php","PHP",{"key":284,"name_tr":285,"name_en":285,"sort":231,"specializations":286},"frontend","Frontend",[287,288,291,294,297,300],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":284},{"key":289,"name":290,"field":284},"javascript","JavaScript",{"key":292,"name":293,"field":284},"typescript","TypeScript",{"key":295,"name":296,"field":284},"react","React",{"key":298,"name":299,"field":284},"vue","Vue",{"key":301,"name":302,"field":284},"angular","Angular",{"key":304,"name_tr":305,"name_en":305,"sort":306,"specializations":307},"fullstack","Fullstack",3,[308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,319],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":304},{"key":266,"name":267,"field":259},{"key":269,"name":270,"field":259},{"key":272,"name":273,"field":259},{"key":275,"name":276,"field":259},{"key":278,"name":279,"field":259},{"key":281,"name":282,"field":259},{"key":289,"name":290,"field":284},{"key":292,"name":293,"field":284},{"key":295,"name":296,"field":284},{"key":298,"name":299,"field":284},{"key":301,"name":302,"field":284},{"key":5,"name_tr":6,"name_en":6,"sort":321,"specializations":322},4,[323,324,325,326,327,328,329],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":5},{"key":153,"name":154,"field":5},{"key":160,"name":161,"field":5},{"key":157,"name":158,"field":5},{"key":163,"name":164,"field":5},{"key":169,"name":170,"field":5},{"key":166,"name":167,"field":5},{"key":331,"name_tr":332,"name_en":332,"sort":333,"specializations":334},"ai-engineer","AI Engineer",5,[335,336,337,340],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":331},{"key":269,"name":270,"field":331},{"key":338,"name":339,"field":331},"llm-rag","LLM\u002FRAG",{"key":341,"name":342,"field":331},"mlops","MLOps",{"key":344,"name_tr":345,"name_en":346,"sort":347,"specializations":348},"database","Veritabanı","Database",6,[349,350,353,356,359],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":344},{"key":351,"name":352,"field":344},"postgresql","PostgreSQL",{"key":354,"name":355,"field":344},"mysql","MySQL",{"key":357,"name":358,"field":344},"mongodb","MongoDB",{"key":360,"name":361,"field":344},"redis","Redis",{"key":363,"name_tr":364,"name_en":365,"sort":366,"specializations":367},"mobile","Mobil","Mobile",7,[368,369,372,375,378],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":363},{"key":370,"name":371,"field":363},"ios-swift","iOS (Swift)",{"key":373,"name":374,"field":363},"android-kotlin","Android (Kotlin)",{"key":376,"name":377,"field":363},"flutter","Flutter",{"key":379,"name":380,"field":363},"react-native","React Native",{"key":382,"name_tr":383,"name_en":384,"sort":385,"specializations":386},"security","Güvenlik","Security",8,[387,388,391,394,397,400],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":382},{"key":389,"name":390,"field":382},"appsec","AppSec",{"key":392,"name":393,"field":382},"offensive-pentest","Offensive \u002F Pentest",{"key":395,"name":396,"field":382},"cloud-security","Cloud Security",{"key":398,"name":399,"field":382},"devsecops","DevSecOps",{"key":401,"name":402,"field":382},"blue-team-incident","Blue Team \u002F Incident",{"key":404,"name_tr":405,"name_en":406,"sort":407,"specializations":408},"qa-test-automation","QA \u002F Test Otomasyonu","QA \u002F Test Automation",9,[409],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":404},{"key":411,"name_tr":412,"name_en":412,"sort":413,"specializations":414},"data-engineer","Data Engineer",10,[415],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":411},{"key":417,"name_tr":418,"name_en":419,"sort":420,"specializations":421},"game-dev","Oyun Geliştirme","Game Development",11,[422],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":417},{"key":424,"name_tr":425,"name_en":425,"sort":426,"specializations":427},"ml-engineer","ML Engineer",12,[428],{"key":263,"name":264,"field":424},[14,15,16],{"junior":431,"mid":433,"senior":434},{"questions":432,"median_sec":3},20,{"questions":432,"median_sec":3},{"questions":432,"median_sec":3},[436,10],"tr",[438,439],"google","github",21750,true]