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assigns to the DagRun","In Airflow 2.x, `logical_date` marks the start of the data interval a DagRun covers, not the actual execution time — a daily DAG typically runs after the interval closes, not at its start.",{"id":125,"topic":42,"difficulty":126,"body":127,"options":128,"correct_key":121,"explanation":137},"01a00ae7-b49a-76fe-876b-fc00f5e971cc",1,"In Airflow 2.x, which context variable replaced the deprecated `execution_date`?",[129,131,133,135],{"key":112,"text":130},"`run_id`",{"key":115,"text":132},"`data_timestamp`",{"key":118,"text":134},"`scheduled_at`",{"key":121,"text":136},"`logical_date`","`execution_date` was deprecated starting Airflow 2.2 in favor of `logical_date`, which better reflects that the value marks interval start rather than run time.",{"id":139,"topic":42,"difficulty":108,"body":140,"options":141,"correct_key":115,"explanation":150},"01a00ae7-b49b-7c7e-850b-6737ff305183","In Airflow 2.x, for a DAG with `schedule='@daily'`, when does Airflow typically trigger the DagRun for a given day's data interval?",[142,144,146,148],{"key":112,"text":143},"At the start of that day, 00:00",{"key":115,"text":145},"After that day's interval has closed, i.e. next day's 00:00",{"key":118,"text":147},"Exactly 12 hours into the day",{"key":121,"text":149},"Only when a user manually clicks 'Trigger DAG'","In Airflow 2.x's default `CronDataIntervalTimetable`, a DagRun is scheduled after its data interval ends so Airflow can be sure all of that interval's data is available to process.",{"id":152,"topic":42,"difficulty":108,"body":153,"options":154,"correct_key":115,"explanation":163},"01a00ae7-b4a3-78b0-be52-44f5944e785a","A DAG is defined as follows:\n```python\ndag = DAG(\n    \"daily_etl\",\n    start_date=datetime(2024, 1, 1),\n    schedule=\"@daily\",\n    catchup=True,\n)\n```\nToday is 2024-01-10 and the DAG has never run before. What happens when it is unpaused?",[155,157,159,161],{"key":112,"text":156},"Airflow only creates a single DagRun for the current day and ignores the past",{"key":115,"text":158},"It creates a DagRun for each missed daily interval since `start_date`",{"key":118,"text":160},"Airflow refuses to run until the user manually changes `start_date` to today",{"key":121,"text":162},"Airflow deletes the DAG because too many intervals were missed","`catchup=True` makes the scheduler backfill every missed scheduled interval since `start_date`, creating a DagRun for each one.",{"id":165,"topic":42,"difficulty":126,"body":166,"options":167,"correct_key":118,"explanation":176},"01a00ae7-b4a4-78f5-b416-ceb3dfa6667b","What does `catchup=False` change compared to the default catchup behavior?",[168,170,172,174],{"key":112,"text":169},"Airflow runs all missed intervals but in reverse chronological order",{"key":115,"text":171},"Airflow disables retries for every task in the DAG",{"key":118,"text":173},"It skips the missed intervals and schedules only from the most recent one",{"key":121,"text":175},"Airflow prevents the DAG from ever being manually triggered","`catchup=False` tells the scheduler to ignore intervals missed while the DAG was inactive and start scheduling from the most recent interval onward.",{"id":178,"topic":42,"difficulty":108,"body":179,"options":180,"correct_key":112,"explanation":189},"01a00ae7-b4a5-7759-b57d-e8c4ed0caa8c","What is the purpose of the `airflow dags backfill` CLI command?",[181,183,185,187],{"key":112,"text":182},"It creates DagRuns for a chosen date range, independent of `catchup`",{"key":115,"text":184},"It permanently changes the DAG's `catchup` setting in the database",{"key":118,"text":186},"It only re-runs tasks that are currently in a `failed` state",{"key":121,"text":188},"It deletes all existing DagRuns for the DAG before recreating the schedule","`airflow dags backfill` lets an operator explicitly request runs 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